HARARE —
EleZimbabwe liviki limanyane lamanye amazwe emhlabeni wonke jikelele ukunanza usuku lokuqakathekiswa kwemisebenzi yabesifazana basemaphandleni olwe International Day of Rural Women. Omama bemaphandleni baqhubeka bebhekane lenkinga ezimbalwa lanxa kuyibo abanengi kunani labantu eZimbabwe okubalisa ukwehluleka ukuba ngabanikazi bamasimu lanxa beyibo abawalimayo ukutholisa imhuli zabo ukudla.
Lanxa lolusuku luqakathekiswa ngumhlaba wonke jikelele, omama bemaphandleni bakhala ngokuthi inkokheli zeZimbabwe azibaqakathekisi kangakho, bekhunjulwa nje nxa sekukhankaselwa ukhetho.
Omama beZimbabwe bahlezi bekhala ngenkinga ezinengi ababhekane lazo ekuphileni, okufana lokuhamba imimango emide besiyadinga usizo ezibhedlela, ukonga abagulayo ngesikhathi besiwe emaphandleni ngoba sebengabagulayo kakubi sokunzima ukugcinakala emadholobheni ngoba indleko yokubagcina iqansa kanye lokusebenza emasimini sikhathi sonke ukulimela imhuli zabo.
EleZimbabwe libe lokhetho lokudinga inkokheli kodwa isimanga yikuba babebalutshwana omama abangene kulezi zikhundla zobukhokheli, elizweni elilenani labomama abayisilinganiso sabedlula amatshumi amahlanu ekhulwini-50% senani likazulu elizweni.
Umphathintambo wogatsha lwabesifazana, indaba zokulinganiswa kwamathuba abo lawabesilisa kanye lentuthuko yezabelo unkosikazi Oppah Muchinguri uveze ukuba uzimisele ukuthuthukisa impilo lenhlalakahle yabomama ikakhulu bemaphandleni lanxa ethi lokhe kusobala ukuba isimo singesihle.
UMuchinguri uthi ukhangelele ukuba isizakuba khona inguquko uqobo, ugatsha lwakhe lutholiswe imali eyanelayo ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa omama ikakhulu emaphandleni, ethi ngoba bekulokudonselana ngesikhathi uhulumende womanyano ebusa.
Umqondisi wohlangothi lwabesifazane enhlanganisweni yomanyano wamazwe omhlaba eye United Nations- Women unkosikazi Revai Makanje uthi kuyinto edanisayo ukuba lokhe belahlekelwa yimpilo omama lanxa eleZimbabwe kulilizwe elikhankasela ukuthuthukiswa kwempilo yabesifazane ikakhulu abahlala emaphandleni.
Unkosazana Pretty Xaba ungumama osesemutsha njalo ephatheke kwezokukhitshwa kwemidlalo yemifanekiso lapho athi abazama ngazo zonke indlela ukukhankasela ukuthuthukiswa kukamama wemaphandleni emidlalweni yokulingisa yamadrama aphatheka kiyo.
UMaXaba ukhala ngobaba athi lokhe besabambelele kumfundiso yakudala lapho umama ubephathwa njengesigqili kuthiwa umsebenzi wakhe ngowokugcina umuzi kanye lokuzala ingane ezinengi.
Umaxaba uqhubeke ethi bayananzelela njalo ukuba lasemsebenzini wakhe abesifazana abaphathwa ngenhlonipho ngoba abezindaba bebaveza njengabantu abangaziphathanga abangeke balondoloza umendo. Lalapho esenza kuhle empilweni akukhulunywa ngakho kodwa angake awone nje into incane kuhle kubabazwe kugcwale ilizwe lonke ikantike into iye nxa ithe yoniwa ngowesilisa abantu abakutshayi indiva.
Unkosikazi Ntombizodwa Khumalo ungumama oleminyaka engamatshumi amane yokuzalwa njalo uhlala emaphandleni lanxa elomuzi wakhe emzini ohlala abanengi e Avondale e Harare.
Unkosikazi Khumalo uveze ukuba ubhekane lobunzima kakhulu njengomama ohlala emaphandleni isikhathi esinengi lanxa uhulumende ehlezi engothembisa kokuphela phezu kokuthuthukiswa kukamama ohlala emaphandleni kodwa kuhlale kungumlomo ongagcwalelwa mfula.
Lolusuku luqale ukunanzwa umhlaba wonke jikelele okwakuqala mhla ka 15 kunyanga kaMfumfu ngomnyaka ka 2008. Lokhu kuze ngemva kwesivumelwano senhlanganiso yomanyano wamazwe womhlaba ese UN General Assembly esenziwa ngenyanga kaMpalakazi ngomnyaka ka 2007 ngemva kokuba sekunanzelelwe ukuqakatheka kokuthuthukiswa kwempilo yabesifazana abaphila besemaphandleni ngoba bephatheka kumisebenzi eqakathekileyo kundaba zentuthuko yelizwe kodwa bengananzwa kangako nxa kulinganiswa labasemadolobheni.
Kunanzelelwe njalo ukuba omama bemaphandleni baphatha umsebenzi omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni inotho yelizwe ngokulima lokufuya kungaba semazweni asathuthukayo loba asethuthukile.
Emazweni asathuthukayo, yibo abaphatheke kakhulu emsebenzini yokulima, ukufuya, ukutholisa imhuli ukudla, ukudinga amanzi kanye lamandla wokukhanyisa lawokuphekisa ngekhaya okugoqela ukuyatheza inkuni ukuthengwa kwamakhandlela loba iparrafin yokuthela kusibani.
Omama bayazakala ukuthi yibo abaphatheke kakhulu endabeni zokondla abantwana lokubanakekela lapho begula. Yibo njalo abafuqelwa abagulayo kanye lasebeluphele ukuba babonge nxa indleko yokubanakekela ezibhedlela langekhaya isiqansa emadolobheni.
Lanxa lolusuku luqakathekiswa ngumhlaba wonke jikelele, omama bemaphandleni bakhala ngokuthi inkokheli zeZimbabwe azibaqakathekisi kangakho, bekhunjulwa nje nxa sekukhankaselwa ukhetho.
Omama beZimbabwe bahlezi bekhala ngenkinga ezinengi ababhekane lazo ekuphileni, okufana lokuhamba imimango emide besiyadinga usizo ezibhedlela, ukonga abagulayo ngesikhathi besiwe emaphandleni ngoba sebengabagulayo kakubi sokunzima ukugcinakala emadholobheni ngoba indleko yokubagcina iqansa kanye lokusebenza emasimini sikhathi sonke ukulimela imhuli zabo.
EleZimbabwe libe lokhetho lokudinga inkokheli kodwa isimanga yikuba babebalutshwana omama abangene kulezi zikhundla zobukhokheli, elizweni elilenani labomama abayisilinganiso sabedlula amatshumi amahlanu ekhulwini-50% senani likazulu elizweni.
Umphathintambo wogatsha lwabesifazana, indaba zokulinganiswa kwamathuba abo lawabesilisa kanye lentuthuko yezabelo unkosikazi Oppah Muchinguri uveze ukuba uzimisele ukuthuthukisa impilo lenhlalakahle yabomama ikakhulu bemaphandleni lanxa ethi lokhe kusobala ukuba isimo singesihle.
UMuchinguri uthi ukhangelele ukuba isizakuba khona inguquko uqobo, ugatsha lwakhe lutholiswe imali eyanelayo ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa omama ikakhulu emaphandleni, ethi ngoba bekulokudonselana ngesikhathi uhulumende womanyano ebusa.
Umqondisi wohlangothi lwabesifazane enhlanganisweni yomanyano wamazwe omhlaba eye United Nations- Women unkosikazi Revai Makanje uthi kuyinto edanisayo ukuba lokhe belahlekelwa yimpilo omama lanxa eleZimbabwe kulilizwe elikhankasela ukuthuthukiswa kwempilo yabesifazane ikakhulu abahlala emaphandleni.
Unkosazana Pretty Xaba ungumama osesemutsha njalo ephatheke kwezokukhitshwa kwemidlalo yemifanekiso lapho athi abazama ngazo zonke indlela ukukhankasela ukuthuthukiswa kukamama wemaphandleni emidlalweni yokulingisa yamadrama aphatheka kiyo.
UMaXaba ukhala ngobaba athi lokhe besabambelele kumfundiso yakudala lapho umama ubephathwa njengesigqili kuthiwa umsebenzi wakhe ngowokugcina umuzi kanye lokuzala ingane ezinengi.
Umaxaba uqhubeke ethi bayananzelela njalo ukuba lasemsebenzini wakhe abesifazana abaphathwa ngenhlonipho ngoba abezindaba bebaveza njengabantu abangaziphathanga abangeke balondoloza umendo. Lalapho esenza kuhle empilweni akukhulunywa ngakho kodwa angake awone nje into incane kuhle kubabazwe kugcwale ilizwe lonke ikantike into iye nxa ithe yoniwa ngowesilisa abantu abakutshayi indiva.
Unkosikazi Ntombizodwa Khumalo ungumama oleminyaka engamatshumi amane yokuzalwa njalo uhlala emaphandleni lanxa elomuzi wakhe emzini ohlala abanengi e Avondale e Harare.
Unkosikazi Khumalo uveze ukuba ubhekane lobunzima kakhulu njengomama ohlala emaphandleni isikhathi esinengi lanxa uhulumende ehlezi engothembisa kokuphela phezu kokuthuthukiswa kukamama ohlala emaphandleni kodwa kuhlale kungumlomo ongagcwalelwa mfula.
Lolusuku luqale ukunanzwa umhlaba wonke jikelele okwakuqala mhla ka 15 kunyanga kaMfumfu ngomnyaka ka 2008. Lokhu kuze ngemva kwesivumelwano senhlanganiso yomanyano wamazwe womhlaba ese UN General Assembly esenziwa ngenyanga kaMpalakazi ngomnyaka ka 2007 ngemva kokuba sekunanzelelwe ukuqakatheka kokuthuthukiswa kwempilo yabesifazana abaphila besemaphandleni ngoba bephatheka kumisebenzi eqakathekileyo kundaba zentuthuko yelizwe kodwa bengananzwa kangako nxa kulinganiswa labasemadolobheni.
Kunanzelelwe njalo ukuba omama bemaphandleni baphatha umsebenzi omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni inotho yelizwe ngokulima lokufuya kungaba semazweni asathuthukayo loba asethuthukile.
Emazweni asathuthukayo, yibo abaphatheke kakhulu emsebenzini yokulima, ukufuya, ukutholisa imhuli ukudla, ukudinga amanzi kanye lamandla wokukhanyisa lawokuphekisa ngekhaya okugoqela ukuyatheza inkuni ukuthengwa kwamakhandlela loba iparrafin yokuthela kusibani.
Omama bayazakala ukuthi yibo abaphatheke kakhulu endabeni zokondla abantwana lokubanakekela lapho begula. Yibo njalo abafuqelwa abagulayo kanye lasebeluphele ukuba babonge nxa indleko yokubanakekela ezibhedlela langekhaya isiqansa emadolobheni.