India has blocked hundreds of adult websites to prevent pornography becoming a social nuisance, a government official said on Monday, sparking a debate about censorship and freedom in the world's largest democracy.
In India's first big crackdown on Internet porn, service providers have been directed to block 857 websites, N.N. Kaul, a spokesman at the department of telecommunications, told Reuters.
"Free and open access to porn websites has been brought under check," Kaul said. "We don't want them to become a social nuisance."
The government, in a 17-page order issued on July 31 and leaked to freedom of speech activists on Monday, listed offending sites and directed service providers to block access on the grounds of morality and decency.
Last month, the Supreme Court refused to impose an outright ban after hearing a petition that said Internet porn fueled sex crime. The court said individuals should be free to access such websites in private.
But the court asked the home ministry to submit its views and the government acted after the ministry sent a letter to the telecom secretary, Kaul said.
#Pornban
Over the weekend, several sites became inaccessible and displayed messages that they were blocked on instructions of the competent authority. The hashtag #Pornban became a trend on Twitter.
"Porn ban is anti-freedom, impractical, not enforceable. Politically not very smart too. Avoidable. Let's not manage people's private lives," best-selling novelist Chetan Bhagat posted on Twitter.
India has the second largest number of internet users after China. Social media and smartphone use is growing rapidly.
In 2011, India urged social network companies to screen content and remove offensive material. A year later, the government faced criticism for ordering dozens of Twitter accounts to be blocked for spreading rumors.
Censorship extends to Bollywood and Hollywood movies, with regulators often forcing producers to edit dialogues and scenes to suit audiences in the generally conservative country.
Demand for porn, however, seems strong. Pornhub, an adult entertainment website included in the ban, last year said India ranked fifth for daily visitors.
Kaul said the government was working on a long-term solution and suggested the ban would not remain indefinitely.
