Voters across Poland cast ballots in local elections Sunday in the first electoral test for the coalition government of Prime Minister Donald Tusk nearly four months since it took power.
Voters were electing mayors as well as members of municipal councils and provincial assemblies, an important exercise in self-governance that is one of the great achievements of the democratic transformation that Poland made when it threw off communism 35 years ago.
Zofia Slezakiewicz, a 78-year-old who voted early, said the election are "for us and about us."
"I can't imagine people not voting and then complaining that things aren't good for them," she said.
In all there are nearly 190,000 registered candidates running for local government positions in the central European nation of 38 million people.
Runoff votes will take place April 21 in cases where mayoral candidates do not win at least 50% of the vote in Sunday's first round.
Opinion polls released in the days ahead of the vote showed the two largest political formations running neck-and-neck: Tusk's Civic Coalition, an electoral coalition led by his centrist and pro-European Union Civic Platform party, and Law and Justice, a national conservative party that governed the country from 2015 until last year.
Several other groups trail the two main groups, including the Third Way coalition, the Left and the radical right-wing Confederation party.
Tusk's coalition government, which includes the Third Way and the Left, together won the national election in October. The result amid record turnout spelled the end of eight bumpy years of rule by Law and Justice, which was accused by the European Union of violating democratic standards with its changes to the judicial system and public media.
Tusk won on promises to reverse many of those changes and is trying to implement that program, but it isn't easy. For example, a promise to liberalize the strict abortion law is being hampered by conservatives in Tusk's own coalition.
Warsaw Mayor Rafał Trzaskowski, a Tusk ally who is seeking a second term, said after voting that it was the "next step" in restoring rule of law.
"But local elections are also really incredibly important because most of the important decisions are actually taken on the local level in Poland. That's why the importance of this election is absolutely crucial," he told reporters after voting. He is favored to win, but it is not clear whether he could win outright Sunday or would need to face a runoff in two weeks.
The vote is also a test for Law and Justice, which dominated the political scene for years, enjoying strong support in conservative rural areas, before losing last year, when its hard-line policies on LGBTQ+ and its restriction of abortion rights were rejected by many young and female voters.
Local governments have played an important role in the two major crises of recent years, rolling out vaccinations against COVID-19 and helping the huge numbers of Ukrainian refugees who arrived in the country after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
The outgoing term of office for local officials was the longest since 1989 after Law and Justice extended it from four to five years, and then delayed the elections by half a year, worried that holding local elections along with those to the national parliament would hurt its chances.
