The deaths of elephants and rhinos in many Africa preserves are blamed on bands of armed gunmen as well as rogue units of national armies from Sudan, the Central African Republic, Uganda and other countries.
Militias Finance Africa's Unrest with Elephant Tusks

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INTERNATIONAL CRIME Private entrepreneurs with global connections serve as models for miitias. Huge profits attracted South African game farmer Dawie Groenewald, and his wife, Sariette, who are among a dozen suspects in South African custody for poaching $6.8 million in rhino horns destined for global markets.