A ban on online taxi services in India, following the arrest in New Delhi of an Uber driver accused of rape, has brought uncertainty to the millions of dollars of international investment pumped into Uber's Indian rivals Ola and TaxiForSure.
Ola raised $210 million in October from a group led by Japan's SoftBank Corp. TaxiForSure attracted $30 million in August from backers including U.S. private equity firm Accel Partners, known for investing early in Facebook Inc.
But concern about passenger safety prompted the government to halt taxi services from companies not registered as taxi providers. It also ordered a review of safety measures that could lead to in-car cameras and GPS tracking being made compulsory.
Uber, Ola and TaxiForSure can continue offering services in the states where they are registered. But in other states where they operate, they will not be able to register until they meet as yet undetermined safety standards in a country notorious for slow governance.
"It's a real concern. I don't think banning is a great idea to resolve a law and order issue," said the managing director of a U.S. private equity fund that has invested in Ola. The person declined to be identified because of the issue’s sensitivity.
Bans on taxi services
Unregistered taxi services have been banned in New Delhi and Hyderabad. Similar decisions are likely in Mumbai, Bengaluru – formerly called Bangalore – and other cities, local media reported.
Ola and TaxiForSure said they are working with states to address registration and safety. Ola has started installing GPS devices in cars on its platform, while TaxiForSure is working with taxi firms to follow processes suggested by authorities.
Uber said it will review its India operations and intensify driver screening.
E-commerce expanding
Ola and TaxiForSure, like Uber, charge a fee for connecting passengers with drivers contracted to local taxi firms. The services add to a burgeoning e-commerce market into which SoftBank plans to invest $10 billion.
"It's not so much that we were interested in the taxi business as that we're interested in Internet services. Their growth is remarkable," said an official at SoftBank, who declined to be identified.
TaxiForSure's investors include U.S. private equity firm Bessemer Venture Partners and Indian peers Helion Venture Partners and Blume Ventures.
Accel, Bessemer and Helion did not respond to requests for comment.
High valuations
Investors built high expectations into the prospects of online taxi services in India, bankers said, believing they would fill the gap left by a public transport system that has failed to cope with a surge in population.
But those investments are at risk if operators are unable to resolve concerns of authorities and customers after the rape accusation, they said.
“Investors will have to take a haircut. The valuations of these taxi companies will come down as they spend more to boost safety and meet the regulatory requirements," said Rishi Sahai, director at consultancy Cogence Advisors.
Some investors said they are working with taxi app operators to improve practices, hoping the ban is temporary.
"We do need a safety program ... policy and regulation in place," said Sanjay Nath, managing director of TaxiForSure investor Blume. "If you take care of the most important safety issue, it [the service] will come back again."
Meanwhile, online taxi booking companies in India are likely to struggle raising funds, said Cogence Advisors' Sahai.
"All the new investors, who were looking to get into these companies before valuations go through the roof, will probably wait on the sidelines for some time to come."
