Moscow expelled 20 Czech diplomats on Sunday in a confrontation over Czech allegations that two Russian spies accused of a nerve agent poisoning in Britain in 2018 were behind an earlier explosion at a Czech ammunition depot that killed two people.
On Saturday, Prague ordered 18 Russian diplomats to leave the country, prompting Russia to vow Sunday to "force the authors of this provocation to fully understand their responsibility for destroying the foundation of normal ties between our countries."
Moscow gave the Czech diplomats just a day to leave, while Prague had given the Russians three days.
The Czech Republic said it had informed NATO and European Union allies that it suspected Russia of causing the 2014 blast, and European Union foreign ministers were set to discuss the matter at their meeting Monday.
The U.S. State Department commended Prague's firm response to "Russia's subversive actions on Czech soil."
The row is the biggest between Prague and Moscow since the end of decades of Soviet domination of eastern Europe in 1989.
It also adds to growing tensions between Russia and the West in general, raised in part by Russia's military buildup on its western borders and in Crimea, which Moscow annexed from Ukraine in 2014, after a surge in fighting between government and pro-Russian forces in Ukraine's east.
Russia said Prague's accusations were absurd as it had previously blamed the blast at Vrbetice, 300 kilometers (210 miles) east of the capital, on the depot's owners.
It called the expulsions "the continuation of a series of anti-Russian actions undertaken by the Czech Republic in recent years," accusing Prague of "striving to please the United States against the backdrop of recent U.S. sanctions against Russia."
Arms shipment
Czech Prime Minister Andrej Babis said the attack had been aimed at a shipment to a Bulgarian arms trader.
"This was an attack on ammunition that had already been paid for and was being stored for a Bulgarian arms trader," he said on Czech Television.
He said the arms trader, whom he did not name, had later been the target of an attempted murder.
Bulgarian prosecutors charged three Russian men in 2020 with an attempt to kill arms trader Emilian Gebrev, who was identified by Czech media as the same individual. Reuters was unable to reach Gebrev for comment.
Czech police said two men using the names Alexander Petrov and Ruslan Boshirov had traveled to the Czech Republic days before the arms depot blast.
Those names were the aliases used by the two Russian GRU military intelligence officers wanted by Britain for the poisoning of former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter with the Soviet-era nerve agent Novichok in the English city of Salisbury in 2018. The Skripals survived, but a member of the public died.
The Kremlin denied involvement in that incident, and the attackers remain at large.
Czech Interior and acting Foreign Minister Jan Hamacek said police knew about the two people from the beginning, "but only found out when the Salisbury attack happened that they are members of the GRU, that Unit 29155."
Hamacek said Prague would ask Moscow for assistance in questioning them but did not expect it to cooperate.
‘Dangerous and malign’
British Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab tweeted that the Czechs "have exposed the lengths that the GRU will go to in their attempts to conduct dangerous and malign operations."
A NATO official said the alliance would support the Czech Republic as it investigated Russia's "malign activities," which were part of a pattern of "dangerous behavior."
"Those responsible must be brought to justice," added the official, who declined to be named.
The United States imposed sanctions against Russia on Thursday for interfering in last year's U.S. election, cyber hacking, bullying Ukraine and other actions, prompting Moscow to retaliate.
On Sunday, U.S. National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan said Washington had told Moscow "there will be consequences" if Alexey Navalny, the opposition figure who almost died last year after being given a toxin that Western experts say was Novichok, dies in prison, where he is on hunger strike.
The 2014 incident has resurfaced at an awkward time for Prague and Moscow.
The Czech Republic is planning to put the construction of a new nuclear power plant at its Dukovany complex out to bid.
Security services have demanded that Russia's Rosatom be excluded as a security risk, while President Milos Zeman and other senior officials have been supporting Russia's case.
In a text message, Industry Minister Karel Havlicek, who was previously in favor of including Russia, told Reuters: "The probability that Rosatom will participate in the expansion of Dukovany is very low."
